Atmosphere
The standard atmosphere is a unit of pressure defined as 101,325 pascals. It represents the average atmospheric pressure at sea level and is used as a reference in chemistry, physics, and diving.
History
The concept of atmospheric pressure was first demonstrated by Evangelista Torricelli in 1643 using a mercury barometer. The standard atmosphere was defined at the value of 101,325 Pa, corresponding to the pressure supporting a 760 mm column of mercury.